"This case study documents how we worked with a large group of donor-conceived siblings who share the same sperm donor father, to explore how they might want to engage with and influence any future genomic research."
Background: Human genomics research is growing rapidly. More effective methods are required for co-design and involving people, especially those sub-populations which are inherently high interest to medical research and thus at greater risk of being exploited. This case study documents how we worked with a large group of donor-conceived siblings who share the same sperm donor father, to explore how they might want to engage with and influence any future genomic research.
Method: A participatory action research process was used to explore the views of a group of 18 people who knew they are donor-conceived siblings. They are part of a larger group of up to 1000 people who share the same sperm donor father but the only ones in contact with each other; it is likely that many of the uncontacted siblings are unaware of their biological father, have been unable to trace others or have died. The discussion explored views about how the group would like to be involved in future research. Five members participated in co-design; 12 completed a pre-discussion online survey; and six participated in an online discussion forum and evaluation survey. The online discussion was led by one facilitator, supported by the study team.
Results: Of the 18 siblings approached in 2018, 14 participated in the co-design stages or the surveys and online discussion. Co-design informed the research process. Participants reported enjoying the overall experience of the surveys and discussion forum, which were perceived as inclusive and flexible. Most participants' views regarding the value of involvement in research changed during the process, and 'widened' about who should be involved. Participants were supportive of future research being done with the siblings group. All who completed the final survey requested to remain part of the co-design process. Other themes in the online discussion included concerns about conflicting interests and a desire for research participation to improve the situation for people affected by assisted conception. The process informed later discussions in the sibling group about participating in a self-managed biobank and informed decision making about participating in genomics research.
Conclusion: Findings from this study help inform ways in which people from certain sub-populations can be involved in planning and defining their participation in genomic research, particularly those that are inherently high interest to medical research and thus at greater risk of exploitation. This process provides a replicable method of involving potential participants in co-designing genomics research using online discussions, with positive outcomes. Reporting this study using 'Standardised data on initiatives (STARDIT)' to report the process allows comparison with other studies.
Human genomics research is growing rapidly. There is evidence that involving potential participants and the public in co-designing research can improve the quality, recruitment and acceptability of the research. However, more evidence about effective methods for involving people is required, especially those in sub-populations who are inherently high interest to researchers and thus with a higher risk of being exploited by medical researchers. In this study, we worked with a large group of donor-conceived siblings who were conceived from the same sperm donor. We sought their views regarding participation in possible future research. We co-designed a way of involving them in discussion about their own “terms of engagement” with research. Online discussions gave group members an opportunity to share their views, and take initial steps towards developing their own research governance model. We used the ‘Standardised Data on Initiatives (STARDIT)’ Alpha Version to report involvement, allowing findings to be compared with other studies. Group members who participated reported enjoying the experience and identified some advantages to online discussions over other methods, including time to reflect on answers and learn collectively. Most participants’ preferences about who should be involved in research design ‘widened’ to include more people. Participants’ learning from the process also informed subsequent discussions in the sibling group about participation in research, including about how to make informed decisions about participating. Involving people in this way has the potential for a ‘transformative learning’ impact, where people’s perspectives and attitudes change as a result of being involved. This is particularly important for people in populations at greater risk of being exploited including under-represented sub-populations who are of high interest to genomic researchers.